Mortising-machine.



G. w. CAMPBELL..

MORTISING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED, I ULY 23| I9I3- RENEWED JUNE 24| I9I6. V 1 ,245,67'7. Patented Nov. 6, 191'?.

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G. W. CAMPBELL.

NIORTISING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 23| I9I3. RENEWEQ JUNE 24, I9I6. 1,245,677.

G. w. CAMPBELL..

MORTISING MACHINE.

APPLICATIUN FILED JULY 23.1913. RENEWED JUNE 24.1916.

1,245,677. Patented Nov. 1917.-

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Specification of Letters Patent.

PatentedNov- 6, 1.9137" Application ied July 23, fieiafseriaino. 7805625. .faexfewedmnef24, '1916. seri-a1 11053730.

To all who/n t mag/concern.'

'Be it known -*that LGEORGE lW. 3Ceran"BELL, a citizen cli' the United States, lresicling at Columbus, in 'the county of Franklin and State of ihiO, have invented certain -nevv and useful :Improvements in vMortisi'ng-Machines, of "which the ollovvi'ng isasp'ecication.

rJlhis invention relates to improvements in mortising machines.

-One of the objects of 'the vinvention 'is to provide means for 1causing ithe cutting 'toolv to travel at a -uniformfspeed across the -mortise.

A Vfurther object-of the invention is to provide means for causing -the rpointofthetool to travel in a straight line parallel Wit-h the face of the piece Ebeing mortised. Y

A further object loit' the invention -is -to provide means for causing the tool to travel uniform-ly With the operating device.

A further object of v'the invention vis to simplify a-nd cheapen the construction and make more effective the loperation of devices of this character.

The vinvent-ion consists in the .constructions and combinations of parts hereinafter described 4and -set forth tin the claims.

the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is `a side view of 4a machine -embodying myy improvements, the 'bit having j ust completed its travel to the lower end of the mortise.

Fig. 2 isa vtop plan View of the same. v

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section on the line 3 3 4of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an end View. h

Fig. 5 is a vertical section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 1, the bit being in mid position but moving upward.

Fig. y6 is a vertical section 'on the line of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a'verti'calsection Von-tlie line 7`7 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a vdetail of a portion of the 'shifting mechanism.

Fig. 9 is a detail 'of a portion Vofthe Yoscillating mechanism.

Like parte are represented -by similar characters of reference throughout the several views.

In the said drawings, 1 and Q represent two rails or Ways, connected vtogggether Aat the rear by the handle portion 3 and at the front by a bar i. The bar -4 is yslotted vas indicated at and iprov-ide'cl vv-ith tvvop'airs ofclamps for the $purpose of clamping the machine to the door-ori'otherartile in which the mortise is ite be made. 'Thelclampsareshovn v'intlfie nature of Llthu'rn'biscrews -6 (Ssee Figs. aand' 4i), screwedinto l`the forwardly eX-tending bosses il :and hani-ngfsvviiveledber Washers to Kengage thesli iles--ofthe door in a manner com-mon indefvicesef this character. A

Slidably mounted upon the Ways i1 and-i2 is fa \carri`er `consisting of iside `Aframe pieces 8 an'd "9, 11e-ar lc'onlnectii'a"g piece 10, vfro'nt connectin'gbar l11 .and-"intermediatecrossbar 121; 1 the `side pieces 1being leach provided `vv-ith a pair of 'projecting fbosses L8a Land T9a to receive the Way-S an'd provide a Sliding connection between the pants; lthe movement oth'e c'ar- Y rier `being limfited 1in one vdirection by the handle 3 iin the other by the cross lbarl. 'Secured in the cross ibar 12is 5a stud bolt 15 1Gb-'est fshoivn in Fig. A231)-, :the said #bolt having a -screyvlthreaded connection lvvith Isaid cross-bar. Journailed fon l:thisiscud for Lbelt between the iframe "part i12 andthe head fof the boltlis lthe main driving-'Wheel Y*16. The bolt `also provided on the opposite sideiof the frame .part from -chedfiang wheel with an extended lreduced `sltud portion 1511. A f bracket lill, :securedlto the lframe part serevv's 14a, which =se`rlve 4to space lit therefrom, has a stu-d -17 arranged fn lfne with the stud l115, 'said stud 17 Ibeing screw# Yet threaded into the bracket to secure fit -tlaere-V journaled on the stud 23, supported by the v sleeve 18f; l:beveled gear 124 formed integrally with said-pinion Q22, Vand v a beveled pinion 25, sph-ned fto the Itfool shait so "as to lpferm'it said 'shaft to slide therethrough.- Thesle'eve 18 is lenlarged for ormed vwith housing 18"t so -as to inclos'e the pinion A'25; vsaid housing being `formed with 'an opening so as to receive the teeth fof gear 24. i

Tool oscillating devices.

In prior machines 'of this character it was customary to oscillfate the tool by some form of eccentric connection, which caused the tool to travel at varying speeds; that is, the tool at certain points in its oscillation would e moving faster than at other points in its oscillation, or vice versa, depending upon the position of the eccentric with respect to the center of oscillation of the tool. Further, with this old manner of oscillating the tool it wasl necessary to revolve the driving` wheel as many times for a short mortise as for a long one, that is, in cutting a mortise of, say, two inches in length it would be necessary to revolve the driving wheel in oscillating the tool from one end of the mortise to the otherv as many times as it would be in cutting a mortise six inches in length.4 To overcome these ditlicnlties and objections 1 have provided for oscillating the tool by means of a screw in the following manner: Y

Supported loosely in bearings 26 and 27 on the respective frame parts S and 9 is a Screw 28, (see Figs. l, 5 and 6) having conneet-ed with the lower end thereon a beveled gear 29,; the hub of said gear and a collar 30, holding said Oear in position in the bearings. Also supported in a bearing formed in a bracket 3l depending from the frame'part 9 is a shaft 32, arranged at right-angles to the screw 28. Secured to one end of the shaft 32 is a gear 33 meshing with external gear teeth 34 on the main driving wheel so that as said wheel is rotated the shaft will also be rotated, slidably mounted upon the shaft 32 but rotatably connected therewith, as by a spline, is a pair of connected pinions 35 and 36 adapted to be shifted at the end of each oscillatory movement of the tool so as to alternately bring said pinions into mesh with the beveled gear 29 to cause the screw 28 to be rotated, first in one direction and then in the other. rl`he screw 28 extends through a screw-threaded nut 37 having a flanged neck 37"L which is pivotally connected with the housing 18a of the sleeve 13 so that as the screw is revolved it will be seen that the sleeve and tool will be oscillated; the connection between the nut and housing being such as to permit of a limited movement of the parts so as to allow the sleeve 13 to swing in the arc of a circle while the nut travels in a straight line, as shown in Figs. 1, 3, 5, 6 and 9. I

In order to shift the pinions 35 and 36 to change the direction of rotation of the screw, have provided the following mechanism: Slidably mounted in the frame parts 8 and 9 is a bar 38, having thereon two adjustable pins 39 and 40. rEhe lower end of this bar is pivotally connected with an arm 41, which arm is mounted loosely upon the rock-shaft 42, arranged be -eath and at right-angles to the shaft 32 and being supported by a bracket 43 extending from the frame portion 9. The free end of the arm 41 has connected thereto a coil spring 44, the opposite end of which is connected to the bracket 43 back of the pivotal point of the arm so that when said arm is thrown past the center in either direction by the movement of the bar 33, the spring will exert its influence thereon for the purpose to be described. Ex-

ending laterally from the arm is a pin 45 (see Fig. S for detail) which extends into a slot 4G in a collar 4T fast to the rock shaft 42; the said pin normally occupying a central position in said slot. Tlf he rock shaft has laterally extending fork arms 43 provided with pins which project into a groove 50 in the hub of the pinions and 36 so that as said shaft is rocked in either eirection the pinions will be sh '.ed.

rlhe result of this construction is that as the tool reaches the limit of its oscillation in either direction the end of the sleeve 18 will ,strike one of the pins 39 or 40 and shift the bar 3S, causing' the arm 4l to swing past the center, whereupon the spring will exert its influence and give the arm a still further movement. By the time the spring begins to exert its influence the pin 45 will have reached the end of the slot 46 and thereupon the shaft v42 will be rotated to shift the pinions. At will be observed that the arm 41 is allowed a limited movement with respect to the rock-shaft before said shaft is rocked, which is for tl e purpose of allowing the bar 33 te perform another operation, to be described hereinafter, before this movement ceases by the disenga ement of the pinions 35 or 3G with the Oeal 29 of the screw 28.

This construction also eliminates the necessity of any fine adjust nent between the parts as'itwill be seen that it is only necessary that the bar 38 should throw the spring 44 into action by swinging the arm a short distance, the spring then performing the actual work of shifting the pinions.

By varying the distance between the adjustable pins 3S) and 40 it will be seen that the mortise may bc out to any length desired.

T001 feeding devices.

Means are provided forfoeding the tool a. step forwardly at the end of each oscillatory movement thereof by sliding its carrier along the ways in the following manner: Rotatably mounted in the bar 4 is a rearwardly extending screw 5l which passes through a bracket 8b on the side frame piece 8, as shown best in Fig. 6. The bracket 8 carries a follower 52 normally held by a spring in engagement with the threads of said screw 51 so that as the screw is rotated the carrier will be moved forward. The screw is arranged to be given a partial rotation near the end of each oscillatory movenient of the tool by spring pawls 54 and 55 (Fig. 5), connected with the bar 38 acting upon a ratchet 5.6, splined to the screw ,and

confined between two projecting por-tions' 5T onthe bar 3S so that said ratchet wheel will move along the screw with said carrier. One of the pawls is arranged on one side of the ratchet wheel and the other pawl on the other side thereof, said pawls being Aextended in opposite directions so that the movement of the bar in either direction will move the ratchet wheel and hence the screw in the same direction. 1n moving the vcarrier bach to its starting position, the spring-pressed follower will be withdrawn through the medium of the linger piece 52 to permit the carrier to readily slide back on the ways. The parts are so timed that the bar 3S will have moved the screw 5l before the rotation of the screw 28 has ceased by the disengagement of the pinions 35 or 3G previously described.

/ewfce formas/71g 15001 20 oscilla@ nstratght Zine.

In prior machines of this character, the tool, in oscillating, has traveled in the arc of a. circle, thereby causing the inner wall of the mortise to be formed on the arn of a circle. In order that this inner wall may be formed on a straight line l have provided for causing the tool, in oscillating, to travel in a straight line in the following manner: As shown in Fig. 3, the rear end of the tool shaft 19 is extended through the hub of the sleeve 18 into a sleeve 58. A co-tter pin 59, extending through the walls of the sleeve 58 and through a circumferential groove in the shaft, allows said shaft to rotate in said sleeve but confines it against longitudinal movement therein. The sle ve 58 is formed with a transverse slot, 60, as shown best in Figs. 1 and 3. This slot GO receives the rear connecting bar 10 which is provided with a curved central portion 10a. rllhe sleeve 58 is bored to a depth shown in Fig. 3 so that balls or rollers 61 and 62 may be inserted between the end of the shaft 19 and the end of the bore, one on either side of the arc 10?L to eliminate friction. The curved central portion of the frame is so formed that as the tool oscillates it will be gradually withdrawn and projected through the sleeve 1S so as to maintain its outer cutting edge upon a straight line across the mortise.

Having thus described my invention, 1 claim:

1. In a mortising machine, an oscillatory tool. a screw having an operative connection with said tool, and means for reversing the direction of rotation of said screw on either side of the center of oscillation of said tool.

2. In a mortising machine, an oscillatory tool, a screw having an operative connection with said tool, means for rotating said screw consisting in part of a pair of shiftable pinions, a rock-shaft having a shiftable .con-

nection with said pinions., an arm loosely mounted on said roch-shaft arranged to rock the same in either direction but capableV of a limited movement relatively thereto, a normally inoperative spring connected with said arm, means for throwing said spring into operative position-at points on either side of the center .of .oscillation of said tool, and devices operated byl said last-mentioned means for producing a forward feed of said tool `during the limited movement of said arm relatively to said rock-shaft.

3. 1n a mortising machine, an oscillatory tool, a screw having an operative connection with said tool, means for rotating said screw consisting in part of a pair of shiftalole pinions, a rock-shaft having a shiftable connection with said pinions, an arm loosely mounted on said rock-shaft and arranged to rock saine in either direction but capable of a limited movement relatively thereto, a spring connected with the free end of said arm, a slidable bar pivotally connected with said arm, adjustable pins on said bar arranged in the path of said tool on either side of the center of oscillation thereof so that said spring will be thrown into operative position to shift said pinions, and devices operated by said bar during the limited movement of said arm-relatively to said rock-shaft for producing a forward feed of said tool.

4. 1n a mortising machine, an oscillatory tool carrier, a tool rotatably mounted in said carrier together with means for rotating said tool, a screw, a swiveled connection between said carrier and said screw, and means for operating said screw for the purpose of oscillating said carrier and tool.

5. 1n a mortising machine, an oscillatory sleeve, a cutting tool, a shaft slidably mounted in said sleeve, means for oscillating said parts, a second sleeve with which said shaft is rotatably connected, a grooveway in said last mentioned sleeve, and a curved nonoscillatory part located in said groove to cause said shaft to be moved longitudinally through said first mentioned sleeve during the oscillatory movement of the parts, for the purpose specified.

6. A mortising machine comprising a framework, a bit, means for rotating said bit, means for oscillating said` bit during the rotation, and means for varying the length of such oscillation, said last means being such that the number of oscillations is increased correspondingly with each reduction in length of oscillation and viceversa.

7. A mortising machine comprising a framework, a bit, means for rotating said bit, means for oscillating said bit during its rotation, means for varying the length of the oscillations, and means for maintaining a uniform rate of oscillatory movement of said bit for all lengths of oscillatory movement.

8. A lnortising machine comprising a framework, a carriage Sliclable on said framework, a bit, a bit Supporting structure pivotally mounted on Said carriage, a rotatable cross feed screw for said bit supporting structure, means for imparting rotation to 10 said bit, said bit supporting structure having a part sldable toward and from the pivot thereof and having threaded connection with said cross feed screw.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto Set my hand this 5th clay of July, 1913.

GEORGE WV. CAMPBELL.

Witnesses:

FRED S. HATCH, GEORGE M. GRIDLEY.

Copies of this patent may be' obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

